The quantum revolution is advancing technology, and new experimental equipment from the University of Barcelona helps students understand key quantum concepts.
Quantum physics is undergoing a second revolution, poised to drive exponential advancements in computing, the internet, telecommunications, cybersecurity, and biomedicine. This surge in quantum technologies is attracting a growing number of students eager to explore subatomic concepts such as quantum entanglement and superposition, unlocking the transformative potential of quantum science.
However, grasping the counterintuitive principles of quantum mechanics and understanding their impact on technological progress remain key challenges in 2025 a year UNESCO has designated as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology.
In response to this need, a research team from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Barcelona has developed innovative experimental equipment designed to help students engage with complex quantum physics concepts. Their setup versatile, cost-effective, and adaptable for various classroom applicationsis already in use at the university’s Advanced Quantum Laboratory. Moreover, its accessibility makes it a viable resource for institutions with less specialized facilities, broadening opportunities for hands-on quantum education.
This innovation is presented in an article in the journal EPJ Quantum Technology, which results from a collaboration between professors Bruno Juliá, from the Department of Quantum Physics and Astrophysics and the UB Institute of Cosmos Sciences (ICCUB); Martí Duocastella, from the Department of Applied Physics and the UB Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), and José M. Gómez, from the Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering. It is based on the result of Raúl Lahoz’s master’s final project, with the participation of experts Lidia Lozano and Adrià Brú.
Study of phenomena unique to quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics makes it possible to create so-called entangled systems for example, with two particles or two photons that behave in a non-intuitive way. In 1964, the physicist John S. Bell experimentally proved that the predictions of quantum mechanics were totally incompatible with a classical description of physics a hypothesis that had been advocated by Albert Einstein and consolidated the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics. In 2022, scientists Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for pioneering experiments in quantum information on entangled photons and the experimental demonstration of the violation of Bell’s inequalities.
Quantum entanglement is today one of the fundamental resources to drive the development of quantum technologies (quantum computers, data encryption, etc.). “The study of Bell inequalities in particular, observing violations of the inequalities is fundamental to characterizing quantum entangled systems. It is important to be able to perform these experiments in a teaching laboratory to understand Bell’s inequalities, quantum entanglement, and the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics,” says Bruno Juliá.
Martí Duocastella explains in the article that they have designed “new experimental equipment capable of providing students with direct measurements of quantum entanglement.” “From our perspective, says the researcher we believe that allowing students to make these measurements will greatly facilitate their understanding of this unintuitive phenomenon.”
Website: International Conference on High Energy Physics and Computational Science.
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