Spinning Plasma Solves a Long-Standing Fusion Reactor Mystery
Spinning Plasma Solves a Long-Standing Fusion Reactor Mystery For years, researchers have struggled to explain why plasma particles in tokamaks consistently strike the inner divertor more heavily than the outer one, a subtle but crucial imbalance for fusion reactor design. New simulations reveal that the answer lies not only in sideways particle drifts near the exhaust but also in the powerful rotation of the plasma core itself. A persistent asymmetry in fusion exhaust has challenged researchers for years. New simulations show that plasma core rotation, working together with cross-field drifts, determines where particles land inside a tokamak. Tokamaks are often described as giant magnetic “doughnuts,” built to keep an ultra-hot soup of charged particles suspended long enough for atomic nuclei to fuse and release energy. But even in the best magnetic cages, some of that plasma leaks out. When it does, the particles race along magnetic field lines into a specially engineered ...