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Evidence found of tidal impact on the plasmasphere
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Yes, there is evidence of tidal impacts on the plasmasphere. Tidal forces from the moon and sun create a range of variations in the plasmasphere, including changes in density and temperature. These changes have been observed in auroral observations and in satellites. Additionally, these tidal forces can cause waves in the plasmasphere that can affect the density and temperature of the plasma, energy to the plasma, and disrupt the magnetospheric currents. Tidal forces can also affect the composition of the plasmasphere, as the tides can cause ionization and recombination of the plasma particles, resulting in changes in the abundance of various ion species. Tidal forces can also cause instability in the plasmasphere, creating plasma bubbles and other structures that can be observed with ground-based instruments.
Early scientists found a connection between the tides and the movement of the moon thousands of years ago. More recent evidence suggests the moon's pull acts on the ionosphere as well. In this new study, the researchers wondered if the moon might also have an impact on the plasmasphere.
The plasmasphere is a toroidal mass of plasma that surrounds the Earth. It lies beyond the ionosphere and is made up mostly of electrons and protons. Its particles are charged by the ionosphere, and its outer boundary is known as the plasmapause.
The group found that they were able to isolate tidal variations in the shape of the plasmapause that could be associated with the position of the moon, clear evidence that the moon does exert an influence on the plasmasphere. They also found that they were able to see monthly periodicities in the changes in plasmapause.
The researchers propose that three basic elements are responsible for the tidal variations: the existence of a two-body system—namely the Earth and moon—along with the existence of the plasma field and the existence of the magnetic field. They further suggest that similar tidal variations likely occur in other two-body systems throughout the universe.
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