Monday, December 2, 2024

Einstein Vindicated: Stunning Cosmic Map Confirms Gravity Theory Across Billions of Years





Albert Einstein’s prediction about how gravity behaves has been tested on a cosmic scale.

Albert Einstein’s prediction about how gravity behaves has been supported by an international team of researchers who studied how the force acts on cosmic scales.
Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) researchers found that the way galaxies cluster is consistent with our standard model of gravity and the predictions from Einstein’s theory of General Relativity.

A complex analysis of the first year of data from DESI provides one of the most stringent tests yet of General Relativity and how gravity behaves at cosmic scales.
Looking at galaxies and how they cluster throughout time reveals how cosmic structure grows, which lets DESI test theories of modified gravity – an alternative explanation for our universe’s accelerating expansion.

DESI is managed by the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab). UK involvement in DESI includes the University of Portsmouth, Durham University, and UCL as full member institutions, together with individual researchers at the universities of Cambridge, Edinburgh, St Andrews, Sussex, and Warwick.

Einstein’s Gravity Theory on a Cosmic Scale

Albert Einstein’s predictions about gravity have been confirmed by an international team of researchers who explored how this fundamental force operates on a cosmic scale.Using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), scientists, including astrophysicists from the University of Portsmouth, mapped the clustering of nearly six million galaxies over a period spanning up to 11 billion years.

Their detailed analysis of DESI’s first year of data represents one of the most rigorous tests of Einstein’s General Relativity at such vast scales, providing crucial insights into how gravity shapes the universe.

Universe’s Expanding Structure Analyzed

By studying how galaxies cluster over time, researchers uncovered patterns that reveal how the structure of the universe has evolved.This allowed DESI’s scientists to test theories of modified gravity – an alternative explanation for our universe’s accelerating expansion typically attributed to dark energy.

They found that the way galaxies cluster is consistent with our standard model of gravity and the predictions made by Einstein.The result validates the leading model of the universe and limits possible theories of modified gravity, which have been proposed as alternative ways to explain unexpected observations such as the expansion of the universe.

Research Collaboration and Insights

Several UK universities were involved in DESI’s latest research findings including the University of Portsmouth, Durham University, and University College London.The DESI collaboration shared their results in a number of papers posted to the online repository arXiv today.Dr. Seshadri Nadathur, Associate Professor at the University of Portsmouth’s Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, led the group producing the new analysis.

Dr. Nadathur said: “The data we have gathered with DESI allows us to measure the subtle patterns in how galaxies cluster together. What is really exciting is that we can use these patterns not only to measure how fast the Universe has been expanding, but even test our understanding of gravity itself! So far General Relativity is holding up well, but we have seen some surprises with dark energy.”

DESI’s Contributions to Physics and Cosmology

DESI contains 5,000 fiber-optic “eyes,” each of which can collect light from a galaxy in just 20 minutes. Researchers at UCL, also a key member of the DESI collaboration, helped design, assemble and build DESI’s optical corrector – six lenses, the largest 1.1m across, that focus light on to the “eyes.”

Today’s latest results also provide an extended analysis of DESI’s first year of data, which in April made the largest 3D map of our universe to date and revealed hints that dark energy might be evolving over time.

The April results looked at a particular feature of how galaxies cluster known as baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). The new analysis, called a “full-shape analysis”, broadens the scope to extract more information from the data, measuring how galaxies and matter are distributed on different scales throughout space.

Website: International Research Awards on High Energy Physics and Computational Science.

#HighEnergyPhysics#ParticlePhysics#QuantumPhysics#AstroparticlePhysics#ColliderPhysics#HiggsBoson#LHC#QuantumFieldTheory#NeutrinoPhysics#PhysicsResearch#ComputationalScience#DataScience#ScientificComputing#NumericalMethods#HighPerformanceComputing#MachineLearningInScience#BigData#AlgorithmDevelopment#SimulationScience#ParallelComputing

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